![]() ![]() Fortunately, these are relatively easy to obtain. The only materials which should be used to store DEF are titanium, stainless steel, rubber, or plastic. If you will be storing it in cold conditions, take this into account when selecting a container.ģ – DEF reacts with many storage container types However, do be aware that DEF expands by approximately 7% when frozen, due to the high-water content. This should not cause any issues, as DEF containment systems contain heaters that will thaw it after the engine is started. In cold-weather environments, DEF might potentially freeze within a vehicle not in operation. It will freeze at 12 ☏ (-11☌), and can be safely thawed with no adverse effects as long as the temperature is still kept well below 70☏. ![]() Never store DEF outdoors, as it is damaged by both high heat and UV rays.Ģ – DEF is not harmed by freezing and thawingĬonversely, cold does nothing to DEF. In particular, try to avoid ever allowing it to go above 70☏, and storing it at 860☏ will allow it to last even longer – potentially between 2-3 years. This is heavily influenced by heat! The hotter the place it’s stored, the more quickly it will break down. Here are some tips for handling and using DEF for your fleet.ġ – DEF should be kept in cool conditionsĭEF has a shelf life, before the urea degrades and becomes useless. However, it is also vulnerable to contamination, and any contamination will cause it to fail – and possibly damage your engine in the process. Given that DEF is non-toxic, it is relatively easy to work with. So, in the end, almost nothing is emitted except water and carbon dioxide. From there, the ammonia strips the oxygen from the NOx, which then combines with the CO2 to create water. The super-heated urea degrades into isocyanic acid and ammonia, then the isocyanic acid hydrolyses into carbon dioxide and more ammonia. DEF is injected into the hot exhaust gas stream, causing the water to immediately boil and release the urea.įrom there, a complex series of chemical changes occur. So, Diesel Emission Fluid was developed, using de-ionized water as a transportation method for the urea. Given its affinity for nitrogen, it could theoretically bind to the exhaust and prevent the nitrogen release. This is when urea began to enter the picture. For example, old-style diesel engines tended to be inefficient, releasing soot and unburnt fuel into the atmosphere.Ĭhanging the engines to use a lean burn fuel-to-air ratio would allow them to fully burn their fuel but doing so caused the release of nitrogen oxides instead – and NOx emissions were at least as harmful to the environment, if not more so. How does DEF improve diesel engine exhaust?ĭiesel engines had numerous issues preventing them from burning cleanly, and often attempts to improve the cleanliness of diesel ended up creating new problems.This makes it an excellent choice for capturing nitrogen compounds in diesel exhaust. ![]() Urea is known for its ability to bind to certain chemicals, most notably nitrogen. It is effectively non-toxic, as well as being pH-neutral. Urea, also known as carbamide, is a naturally-occurring substance most frequently found in mammal urine. This article will hopefully address those concerns, explaining what DEF is, how it works, and providing other useful information on its storage and handling.ĭEF is an environmentally friendly substance made primarily of 67.5% de-ionized water, mixed with 32.5% urea. Since regulations mandating the use of DEF are relatively new, many still misunderstand aspects of this fluid. DEF is also known as “AdBlue” in some areas, but whatever the name used, it is a necessary additive which allows diesel engines to operate in an ecologically friendly manner. If you are running diesel equipment anywhere in North America, Europe, and many other places in the world, you are probably required by local laws to utilize Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) to make your emissions less harmful. ![]()
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